Regardless of Feature Size (RFS)

Regardless of feature size (RFS) means a geometric tolerance stays the same whatever size the feature is made within its limits: no bonus tolerance. Under current ASME Y14.5 it is the default whenever no M or L modifier is shown, so you rarely see a symbol for it.

Last updated

At a glance

Group
Modifiers and datums
Datum
Not a control
Modifiers
Default (no symbol)

What it means

RFS is what you get when the feature control frame has no modifier after the tolerance. A bearing bore with position Ø0.02 and no M must be within Ø0.02 at every size from the smallest to the largest. Nothing is gained by making the bore bigger.

Choose RFS where the feature locates something precisely, such as bearing bores, dowel holes, gear centres and press fits. Bonus tolerance would let the axis wander when the hole is big, which matters for those even though it would not stop a bolt passing through.

Datum references without a modifier are likewise applied at RMB (regardless of material boundary): the datum simulator expands or contracts to the actual datum feature, so there is no datum shift.

How it changes the tolerance

RFS does not change the zone shape of the control. It keeps the zone the same size at every feature size.

On a chart of allowed tolerance against feature size, RFS is a flat line, compared with the sloping lines of MMC and LMC.

Tolerance at RFSA line chart. The horizontal axis is actual hole size from 10.0 to 10.2 mm. The allowed position tolerance is a flat line at 0.1 across the full size range, labelled no bonus.10.010.110.20.10.20.3actual hole size (mm)allowed position tolerance Ø (mm)no bonus at any size
Original Coplain diagram, not to scale; zones are exaggerated so they are visible.

Datums

RFS is a material condition, not a control, so it has no datum of its own. A datum reference with no modifier is applied at RMB.

Where it can be used

ModifierWith regardless of feature size (rfs)
SymbolNone on current ASME drawings. Older drawings may show a circled S, which meant the same thing.
Applies toEvery geometric tolerance on a feature of size when no M or L is shown, and always to runout, concentricity and symmetry.

Example feature control frame

Example feature control frameFeature control frame: position symbol, diameter 0.1, datum A, with no material condition modifier.Ø0.1A

Example: a Ø10.0–10.2 mm hole with position Ø0.1 to datum A and no modifier

  1. No M or L is shown, so the tolerance is RFS.
  2. Hole at 10.0: allowed Ø0.1. Hole at 10.2: allowed Ø0.1. No bonus at any size.
  3. A part measures 10.18 mm with a position error of Ø0.13. 0.13 > 0.1.

Result: The hole fails. The same part would pass with Ø0.1 at MMC (allowed Ø0.28).

How it is inspected

ASME Y14.5 editions

Under current ASME Y14.5 practice (since the 1994 edition) RFS applies by default, so the circled S is not used. Drawings made to the 1982 edition and earlier may show it, and in that older edition position tolerances needed an explicit M, L or S.

Common mistakes

How it relates to neighbouring symbols

Every GD&T symbol page: GD&T symbols chart

Calculators and further reading

Frequently asked questions

Is RFS the default in GD&T?

Yes. Under current ASME Y14.5, a geometric tolerance with no M or L applies regardless of feature size.

What does a circled S mean?

It is the old RFS symbol, found on drawings made to the 1982 edition of ASME Y14.5 and earlier. It means the same as no modifier on a current drawing.

When should I use RFS instead of MMC?

When the feature locates something precisely, such as a bearing bore or dowel, where extra movement at larger sizes would hurt function.

Does RFS get bonus tolerance?

No. The tolerance is the same at every size within the limits.

What is RMB?

Regardless of material boundary: the datum equivalent of RFS. A datum letter with no modifier is applied at RMB, so the datum simulator fits the actual feature and there is no datum shift.

Sources

  1. ASME Y14.5-2018 Dimensioning and Tolerancing, ASME
  2. ASME Y14.5-2009 Dimensioning and Tolerancing (for drawings made to the earlier edition), ASME
  3. ISO 1101 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing, ISO

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