An NCR is the record raised when a part, material or process does not meet its requirement. It says what was found, against which requirement, how many items are affected and where they are. It also records the containment, such as tagging and segregating the parts, and the disposition: use as is, rework, repair, scrap or return to the supplier, with the people who approved it. An NCR handles the bad product. Fixing the cause so it does not come back is the job of a CAPA.
Example: Final inspection finds 14 of 200 housings with a bore 0.03 mm oversize. The inspector raises an NCR, tags and moves the lot to the hold area, and engineering reviews the fit. The disposition is scrap for the 14 and release for the rest after 100% inspection.
NCRs stop suspect parts from moving on and leave a record of every decision about them. Over time, NCR data shows which parts, machines and suppliers cause the most trouble, which is where improvement work should start.
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